This chapter has explained strategies related to competition in international markets. When considering competing in foreign markets, executives must consider the benefits and risks when making decisions about whether to expand overseas. Executives would also benefit from considering their current (domestic) demand conditions, factor conditions, related and supporting industries, and strategy, structure, and rivalry, all of which can affect the probability of success in foreign markets. When a firm does venture overseas, a decision must be made about whether its international strategy will be multidomestic, global, or transnational. Finally, when leading a firm to enter a new market, executives can choose to manage the operation via exporting, creating a wholly owned subsidiary, franchising, licensing, or creating a joint venture or strategic alliance.

Attributions

Figure 7.11:
Known shoes soles by Zalman992 (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Known_shoes_soles.jpg) used under CC BY-SA 3.0 Licence (first);

Bikini Open 121 by Bikini Open (https://www.flickr.com/photos/bikiniopen/3381831542/) used under CC BY 3.0 Licence  (second);

A-OK by Faceofwiki (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:A-OK.JPG) used under CC0 Licence (third);

Alarm Clocks 20101107a by Batholith (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Alarm_Clocks_20101107a.jpg) is in the Public Domain (fourth);

Chocolate-chip-cookie-crumbs-on-plate by Knoell8504 (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Chocolate-chip-cookie-crumbs-on-plate.png) used under CC BY-SA 3.0 Licence  (fifth);

Woman eating an apple (1) by Bill Branson (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Woman_eating_an_apple_(1).jpg) is in the Public Domain (sixth);

Stare by John O’Nolan (https://www.flickr.com/photos/johnonolan/5729506059/) used under CC BY 3.0 Licence  (seventh)

Figure 7.13:

Harry Potter by Joya Wu (http://www.flickr.com/photos/airencn/2770897336/) used under CC BY 3.0 Licence  (first);

Stroller&baby,japan by katorisi (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Stroller%26baby,japan.JPG) used under CC BY 3.0 Licence  (second);

OL-SR90-2 by Don snooker (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:OL-SR90-2.png) used under CC BY-SA 3.0 Licence  (third);

Chevrolet Nova SS by Bull-Doser (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Chevrolet_Nova_SS.jpg) is in the Public Domain (fourth)

Figure 7.15:
Honda-Civic by Greudin (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Honda-Civic.jpg) used under CC BY 3.0 Licence  (first);

Renault Clio I Phase II Fünftürer RN by Thomas doerfer (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Renault_Clio_I_Phase_II_F%C3%BCnft%C3%BCrer_RN.JPG) used under CC BY-SA 3.0 Licence (second);

BMW 420i GranCoupé M Sport (F36) front by Tokumeigakarinoaoshima (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:BMW_420i_GranCoup%C3%A9_M_Sport_(F36)_front.JPG) used under CC0 Licence (third);

Ferrari California1 by Kaotic.nite (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ferrari_California1.jpg) used under CC BY 3.0 Licence  (fourth);

H1opentop by The Real Polymath (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:H1opentop.jpg) is in the Public Domain (fifth)

Figure 7.17:
Nuvola Russian flag by Min’s (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Nuvola_Russian_flag.svg) is in the Public Domain (first);

Nuvola Indian flag by Min’s (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Nuvola_Indian_flag.svg) is in the Public Domain (second);

Nuvola Canada flag by Min’s (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Nuvola_Canada_flag.svg) is in the Public Domain (third);

Nuvola Danish flag by Min’s (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Nuvola_Danish_flag.svg) is in the Public Domain (fourth)

Figure 7.19:
McCormick Tractor by Brian Forbes (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:McCormick_Tractor.jpg) used under CC BY 3.0 Licence  (first);

Randall Cattle in Vermont by CTPhil (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Randall_Cattle_in_Vermont.jpg) is in the Public Domain (second);

Wind turbine repairs by Rudolf Ammann (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Wnd_turbine_repairs.jpg) used under CC BY 3.0 Licence  (third);

Oil Pump (8037088873) by Tony Higsett (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Oil_Pump_(8037088873).jpg) used under CC BY 3.0 Licence  (fourth);

2Wire 2701 by True Tech Talk Time (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2Wire_2701.JPG) used under CC BY-SA 3.0 Licence  (fifth);

Blackberry 8900 ColorIsOff by LP-mn (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Blackberry_8900_ColorIsOff.jpg) is in the Public Domain (sixth);

Koman90 uei graduation by Photography by carolyne porter (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Koman90_uei_graduation.JPG) used under CC BY-SA 3.0 Licence (seventh);

Hotel Room (9638499309) by William Warby (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hotel_Room_(9638499309).jpg) used under CC BY 3.0 Licence  (eighth);

Hyundai car assembly line by Taneli Rajala (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hyundai_car_assembly_line.jpg) used under CC BY 3.0 Licence  (ninth);

Aeriel picture, Revelstoke Dam by Kelownian Pilot (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Aeriel_picture,_Revelstoke_Dam.jpg) used under CC BY-SA 3.0 Licence  (tenth)

Figure 7.21:
Cuban Cigars by Alex Brown (https://www.flickr.com/photos/alexbrn/27976290/) used under CC BY 3.0 Licence  (first);

Antique Persian Kerman Rug by Alen Erfanian (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Antique_Persian_Kerman_Rug.jpg) used under CC BY 3.0 Licence  (second);

Meeresfruchte by Kirschblut (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Meeresfruchte.jpg) is in the Public Domain (third);

Ceramic beer steins by Thomas Quine (https://www.flickr.com/photos/quinet/10097923705/) used under CC BY 3.0 Licence  (fourth);

Sony-PlayStation-4-PS4-wDualShock-4 by Evan-Amos (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sony-PlayStation-4-PS4-wDualShock-4.jpg) is in the Public Domain (fifth);

Charlie Chapline by P.D Jankens (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Charlie_Chaplin.jpg) is in the Public Domain (sixth)

Figure 7.23:
Tabasco by kenny_lex (http://www.flickr.com/photos/kenny_lex/3059058350/) used under CC BY 3.0 Licence (first);

Green Tea Kit-Kat (from Japan) by Andrew Maiman (http://www.flickr.com/photos/amaiman/5550834826/) used under CC BY 3.0 Licence  (second);

Butterfinger by Bodo (http://www.flickr.com/photos/64448029@N05/5901416357/) used under CC BY 3.0 Licence  (third);

Kit-Kat new by Ged Carroll (http://www.flickr.com/photos/renaissancechambara/4241378353/) used under CC BY 3.0 Licence  (fourth);

Project 365 #138: 180509 Oooooh, cheeky! By Pete (http://www.flickr.com/photos/comedynose/3542592243/) used under CC BY 3.0 Licence  (fifth);

CreativeTools.se – PackshotCreator – Heinz Chili Sauce by Creative Tools (http://www.flickr.com/photos/creative_tools/4293407348/) used under CC BY 3.0 Licence  (sixth);

HP Sauce – 2 by Windell Oskay (http://www.flickr.com/photos/oskay/4578993380/) used under CC BY 3.0 Licence  (seventh)

Figure 7.25:
WestJet Boeing 737-8CT | C-GWSZ / 812 | “Walt Disney Livery” | Flight WS2660 from YYZ to MBJ by Lord of the Wings© (https://www.flickr.com/photos/aseemsjohri/14513060711/) used under CC BY-SA 3.0 Licence  (first);

Intel 486 DX by yellowcloud (https://www.flickr.com/photos/yellowcloud/4525292434/) used under CC BY 3.0 Licence (second);

US Navy 050507-N-3289C-028 Gunners Mate 2nd Class Matthew Maple, from Pittsburgh, Pa., takes time out to stay physically fit by training on a stationary bike aboard the costal patrol ship USS Sirocco (PC 6) by Paul Cage (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:US_Navy_050507-N-3289C-028_Gunners_Mate_2nd_Class_Matthew_Maple,_from_Pittsburgh,_Pa.,_takes_time_out_to_stay_physically_fit_by_training_on_a_stationary_bike_aboard_the_costal_patrol_ship_USS_Sirocco_(PC_6).jpg) is in the Public Domain (third);

Miriam Ocariz – BOTELLA 200ML COCA-COLA LIGHT by The Brandery (http://www.flickr.com/photos/thebrandery/5375176557/) used under CC BY 3.0 Licence (fourth);

Devota&Lomba BOTELLA 200ML COCA-COLA LIGHT by The Brandery (http://www.flickr.com/photos/thebrandery/5375776224/) used under CC BY 3.0 Licence (fifth);

RDI – CBC – Radio-Canada by Jeangagnon (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:RDI_-_CBC_-_Radio-Canada.JPG) used under CC BY-SA 3.0 Licence  (sixth)

Figure 7.27:
McDonald’s Rice by Abdul Rahman (http://www.flickr.com/photos/yunir/5287015064/) used under CC BY 3.0 Licence (first);

Tim Hortons –b by Saeed Jahed (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tim_Hortons_-b.jpg) used under CC BY 3.0 Licence (second);

The KFC Colonel! by Lonnie (http://www.flickr.com/photos/hanataro/689530713/) used under CC BY 3.0 Licence (third);

Subway-Restaurant in Passau by High Contrast (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Subway-Restaurant_in_Passau.jpg) used under CC BY 3.0 Licence (fourth);

7 eleven Bergen Nygardsgaten by Enrique Cornejo (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:7_eleven_Bergen_Nygardsgaten.JPG) used under CC BY 3.0 Licence (fifth)