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Preface
1. Introduction
2. Chemistry in Context
3. Phases and Classification of Matter
4. Physical and Chemical Properties
5. Measurements
6. Measurement Uncertainty, Accuracy, and Precision
7. Mathematical Treatment of Measurement Results
8. Introduction
9. Introduction
10. Early Ideas in Atomic Theory
11. Evolution of Atomic Theory
12. Atomic Structure and Symbolism
13. Chemical Formulas
14. Introduction
15. Electromagnetic Energy
16. The Bohr Model
17. Development of Quantum Theory
18. Electronic Structure of Atoms (Electron Configurations)
19. Periodic Variations in Element Properties
20. The Periodic Table
21. Molecular and Ionic Compounds
22. Introduction
23. Ionic Bonding
24. Covalent Bonding
25. Chemical Nomenclature
26. Lewis Symbols and Structures
27. Formal Charges and Resonance
28. Molecular Structure and Polarity
29. Introduction
30. Valence Bond Theory
31. Hybrid Atomic Orbitals
32. Multiple Bonds
33. Molecular Orbital Theory
34. Introduction
35. Formula Mass
36. Determining Empirical and Molecular Formulas
37. Molarity
38. Other Units for Solution Concentrations
39. Introduction
40. Writing and Balancing Chemical Equations
41. Classifying Chemical Reactions
42. Reaction Stoichiometry
43. Reaction Yields
44. Quantitative Chemical Analysis
45. Introduction
46. Gas Pressure
47. Relating Pressure, Volume, Amount, and Temperature: The Ideal Gas Law
48. Stoichiometry of Gaseous Substances, Mixtures, and Reactions
49. Effusion and Diffusion of Gases
50. The Kinetic-Molecular Theory
51. Non-Ideal Gas Behavior
52. Introduction
53. Energy Basics
54. Calorimetry
55. Enthalpy
56. Strengths of Ionic and Covalent Bonds
57. Introduction
58. Intermolecular Forces
59. Properties of Liquids
60. Phase Transitions
61. Phase Diagrams
62. The Solid State of Matter
63. Lattice Structures in Crystalline Solids
64. Introduction
65. The Dissolution Process
66. Electrolytes
67. Solubility
68. Colligative Properties
69. Colloids
70. Introduction
71. Spontaneity
72. Entropy
73. The Second and Third Laws of Thermodynamics
74. Free Energy
75. Introduction
76. Chemical Equilibria
77. Equilibrium Constants
78. Shifting Equilibria: Le Châtelier’s Principle
79. Equilibrium Calculations
80. Introduction
81. Brønsted-Lowry Acids and Bases
82. pH and pOH
83. Relative Strengths of Acids and Bases
84. Hydrolysis of Salts
85. Polyprotic Acids
86. Buffers
87. Acid-Base Titrations
88. Introduction
89. Precipitation and Dissolution
90. Lewis Acids and Bases
91. Coupled Equilibria
92. Introduction
93. Review of Redox Chemistry
94. Galvanic Cells
95. Electrode and Cell Potentials
96. Potential, Free Energy, and Equilibrium
97. Batteries and Fuel Cells
98. Corrosion
99. Electrolysis
100. Introduction
101. Chemical Reaction Rates
102. Factors Affecting Reaction Rates
103. Rate Laws
104. Integrated Rate Laws
105. Collision Theory
106. Reaction Mechanisms
107. Catalysis
108. Introduction
109. Periodicity
110. Occurrence and Preparation of the Representative Metals
111. Structure and General Properties of the Metalloids
112. Structure and General Properties of the Nonmetals
113. Occurrence, Preparation, and Compounds of Hydrogen
114. Occurrence, Preparation, and Properties of Carbonates
115. Occurrence, Preparation, and Properties of Nitrogen
116. Occurrence, Preparation, and Properties of Phosphorus
117. Occurrence, Preparation, and Compounds of Oxygen
118. Occurrence, Preparation, and Properties of Sulfur
119. Occurrence, Preparation, and Properties of Halogens
120. Occurrence, Preparation, and Properties of the Noble Gases
121. Introduction
122. Occurrence, Preparation, and Properties of Transition Metals and Their Compounds
123. Coordination Chemistry of Transition Metals
124. Spectroscopic and Magnetic Properties of Coordination Compounds
125. Introduction
126. Nuclear Structure and Stability
127. Nuclear Equations
128. Radioactive Decay
129. Transmutation and Nuclear Energy
130. Uses of Radioisotopes
131. Biological Effects of Radiation
132. Introduction
133. Hydrocarbons
134. Alcohols and Ethers
135. Aldehydes, Ketones, Carboxylic Acids, and Esters
136. Amines and Amides
The Periodic Table
Essential Mathematics
Units and Conversion Factors
Fundamental Physical Constants
Water Properties
Composition of Commercial Acids and Bases
Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances
Ionization Constants of Weak Acids
Ionization Constants of Weak Bases
Solubility Products
Formation Constants for Complex Ions
Standard Electrode (Half-Cell) Potentials
Half-Lives for Several Radioactive Isotopes
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